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文章基于1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年拉萨市4期土地利用数据，分析了30年间拉萨市土地利用变化以及景观格局指数演变，并利用生态系统服务与权衡的综合评估(InVEST)模型评估了拉萨市生境质量时空演变规律。研究结果表明，1990—2020年间，拉萨市土地利用结构发生显著变化，草地和未利用土地始终占主导地位，耕地与林地增长集中在中部各县，建设用地扩张则以城关区与堆龙德庆区为核心，土地利用转换剧烈；1990—2020年间，拉萨市整体景观趋于规则、均质化，综合反映了生态政策与人类活动对区域景观的深刻重塑；1990—2020年间，拉萨市生境质量总体呈下降趋势，平均生境质量下降3.03%，高质量生境面积显著减少，低质量生境面积持续增加，中部城关区等城镇化区域生境质量退化明显，而外部县区生境质量相对较好。研究结论可以从土地利用的角度为决策者提供拉萨市生境质量优化的参考，也对未来土地利用政策的制定和建设国家生态文明高地目标的实现具有重要意义。
Abstract：The spatiotemporal evolution of habitat quality in the Lhasa City was evaluated based on the land use data of year 1990, 2000 and 2010 by using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) model. The results showed that the land use structure in the Lhasa City has undergone significant changes from year 1990 to 2020, with an intense land use conversion. Although grassland and unused land have always b eing dominated, the growth of arable and forest land was concentrated in the central counties, while the expan-sion of construction land was centered around the Chengguan District and Duilongdeqing District. The overall l andscape of the Lhasa City tended to be regular and homogeneous with a decrease in patch density and an in-crease in diversity from year 1990 to 2020, which comprehensively reflecting the profound remodeling of the re-g ional landscape by ecological policies and human activities. The overall habitat quality in the Lhasa City showed a downward trend, with an average decrease of 12.34% in habitat quality from year 1990 to 2020. The area of h igh-quality habitats decreased significantly and the area of low-quality habitats continued to increase. The habitat quality in urbanized central areas such as Chengguan District degraded significantly, while the habitat q uality of the external four counties was relatively preferable. The research can provide references for decision-makers to optimize the habitat quality from the perspective of land use, and is of great significance for the formu-l ation of land use policies and the realization of the goal of building a national ecological civilization highland in the future.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16249/j.cnki.2096-4617.2025.04.004
中图分类号:X321
引用信息:
[1]徐国淼,王娜,袁林,等.1990—2020年拉萨市生境质量时空演变特征[J].高原科学研究,2025,9(04):25-35.DOI:10.16249/j.cnki.2096-4617.2025.04.004.
基金信息:
环喜马拉雅人类活动与区域发展协同创新中心项目(0808/042)